{"id":134,"date":"2013-04-29T20:55:00","date_gmt":"2013-04-29T20:55:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.zvirek.net\/Kajkavskijezik\/?page_id=134"},"modified":"2023-12-22T13:09:08","modified_gmt":"2023-12-22T12:09:08","slug":"konjugacia","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/kajkavski-jezik.eu\/en\/gramatika\/konjugacia\/","title":{"rendered":"Konjugacija"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\" src=\"http:\/\/www.zvirek.net\/Kajkavskijezik\/wp-content\/uploads\/pievec_300x300.jpeg\" width=\"0\" height=\"0\" \/><\/p>\n<h2>Prezent<\/h2>\n<p>Glagol v prezentu se zestoji od <a title=\"Pomo\u010dni gramati\u010dki obliki\" href=\"http:\/\/www.zvirek.net\/Kajkavskijezik\/pomocni-gramaticki-obliki\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">prezentnega<\/a> temelja\u00a0i sufiksa.<br \/>\nSufiks\u00a0ima dva dela. Prvi del more biti samoglasnik (<strong>a<\/strong>, <strong>e<\/strong>, <strong>i,<\/strong>\u00a0<strong>je<\/strong>) ter se v prezentu ne mienja, a drugi del ovak ovisi o broju i govorniku:<\/p>\n<table border=\"0\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\"><em>govornik<\/em><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>ja<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>ti<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>on, ona, ono<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>mi<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>vi<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>oni, one, ona<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\"><em>drugi del<\/em><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\">-m<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\">-\u0161<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\">-\u00d8<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\">-mo\/e<strong>*<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\">-te<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\">-ju<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: x-small;\">* 1. lice plurala more imeti i sufiksa <em>-me<\/em> (pelda <em>mi bude<\/em><strong><em>me<\/em><\/strong>). Sufiks <em>-me<\/em> se ne nahaja vu knji\u017eevnem Kajkavskem, ali postoji vu vnogem Kajkavskem krajem v govoru (Zagorje, Prigorje, Turopolje,..).\u00a0Nastavek <em>-me<\/em> je starej\u0161i od <em>-mo<\/em> i dopu\u0161\u010den, a nahaja se i v drugih slavenskih jezikih kak v Bugarskem,\u00a0\u010ce\u0161kem ter Slova\u010dkem.<strong><br \/>\n<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<table border=\"0\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>delati<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\">delam<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\">dela\u0161<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\">dela<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\">delamo<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\">delate<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\">delaju<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>znati<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\">znam<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\">zna\u0161<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\">zna<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\">znamo<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\">znate<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\">znaju<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>sed\u00e9ti<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\">sed\u00edm<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\">sed\u00ed\u0161<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\">sed\u00ed<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\">sed\u00edmo<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\">sed\u00edte<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\">sed\u00edju<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>piti<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\">pijem<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\">pije\u0161<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\">pije<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\">pijemo<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\">pijete<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\">pi(je)ju<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>iskati<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\">i\u0161\u010dem<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\">i\u0161\u010de\u0161<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\">i\u0161\u010de<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\">i\u0161\u010demo<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\">i\u0161\u010dete<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\">i\u0161\u010d(e)ju<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: x-small;\">Prema prvem delu nastavka se zoveju i 4 kategorie glagolov (a-kategoria, e-kategoria, i-kategoria ter je-kategoria). Tipi\u010dne pelde: zn<strong>a<\/strong>m, zapr<strong>e<\/strong>m, sed<strong>i<\/strong>m, pi<strong>je<\/strong>m. V nekih se glagolih pripetljuje\u00a0<a title=\"Glasovne zmene\" href=\"http:\/\/www.zvirek.net\/Kajkavskijezik\/glasovne-zmene\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">jotacija<\/a>, pa more zgledati kak da su e-kategorie, al su zaprav \u00a0je-kategorie kak: re\u017eem (rez-je-m, rezati), i\u0161\u010dem (isk-je-m, iskati).<\/span><\/p>\n<p>Pri ne\u0161terih glagolih, ki imaju pervi del nastavka <strong><em>je<\/em><\/strong>, se more pripetiti\u00a0<a title=\"Glasovne zmene\" href=\"http:\/\/www.zvirek.net\/Kajkavskijezik\/glasovne-zmene\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">vmetanje slova <em><strong>l<\/strong><\/em><\/a>.\u00a0To se na peldu pripetljuje z glagolom <strong>popevati<\/strong> ki poleg oblika\u00a0<strong><em>popevam<\/em><\/strong>, ima i oblik\u00a0<strong><em>popevljem<\/em><\/strong> (popev + <em>-l<\/em>\u00a0+ jem).<\/p>\n<ul>\n<ul>\n<ul>\n<ul>\n<ul>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"line-height: 14px;\"><strong>popevati<\/strong>:<\/span>\n<ul>\n<ol>\n<ol>\n<li><span style=\"line-height: 14px;\">popevljem, popevlje\u0161, popevlje, popevljemo, popevljete, popevljeju<\/span><\/li>\n<li>popevam, popeva\u0161, popeva, popevamo, popevate, popevaju<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/ol>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/ul>\n<\/ul>\n<\/ul>\n<\/ul>\n<\/ul>\n<hr \/>\n<h2>\u00a0Perfekt<\/h2>\n<p>Glagol v perfektu se zestoji od dveh rie\u010di &#8211; <em><a title=\"Pomo\u010dni gramati\u010dki obliki\" href=\"http:\/\/www.zvirek.net\/Kajkavskijezik\/pomocni-gramaticki-obliki\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">glagolskega prideva radnoga<\/a> (GPR)\u00a0<\/em>i <em>pomo\u010dnega glagola<\/em>\u00a0biti (<a title=\"Pomo\u010dni gramati\u010dki obliki\" href=\"http:\/\/www.zvirek.net\/Kajkavskijezik\/pomocni-gramaticki-obliki\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">v nezver\u0161enom prezentu<\/a>). Glagol v perfektu ovisi o rodu, broju\u00a0ter govorniku (\u0161tera osoba &#8211; ja, ti, on,&#8230;).<\/p>\n<table border=\"0\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><em>osoba<\/em><\/td>\n<td>ja<\/td>\n<td>ti<\/td>\n<td>on, ona, ono<\/td>\n<td>mi<\/td>\n<td>vi<\/td>\n<td>oni, one, ona<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><em>pomo\u010dni gl.<\/em><\/td>\n<td>sem<\/td>\n<td>si<\/td>\n<td>je<\/td>\n<td>smo (sme)<\/td>\n<td>ste<\/td>\n<td>su<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<ul>\n<ul>\n<ul>\n<ul>\n<ul>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"line-height: 14px;\">znati: sem znal, si znal, je znal, smo znali, ste znali, su znali<\/span><\/li>\n<li>\u010derljigati: sem \u010derljigal, si \u010derljigal, je \u010derljigal\/a, smo \u010derljigali, ste \u010derljigali\/e, su\u00a0\u010derljigali<\/li>\n<li>sediti: sem sedil, si sedil, je sedil, smo sedili, ste sedili, su sedili<\/li>\n<li><span style=\"line-height: 14px;\">iskati: sem iskal, si iskal, je iskal, smo iskali, ste iskali, su iskal<\/span><\/li>\n<li>popevati: sem popeval, si popeval, je popeval, smo popevali, ste popevali, su popevali<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/ul>\n<\/ul>\n<\/ul>\n<\/ul>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: x-small;\">Za primer su vzeti glagoli v mu\u017ekom rodu.<\/span><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h2>\u00a0Futur<\/h2>\n<p>Glagol v futuru se zestoji od <a title=\"Pomo\u010dni gramati\u010dki obliki\" href=\"http:\/\/www.zvirek.net\/Kajkavskijezik\/pomocni-gramaticki-obliki\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">GPR<\/a>\u00a0i pomo\u010dnega glagola biti (<a title=\"Pomo\u010dni gramati\u010dki obliki\" href=\"http:\/\/www.zvirek.net\/Kajkavskijezik\/pomocni-gramaticki-obliki\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">v svr\u0161enom prezentu<\/a>). Futur v Kajkavskem se formira isto kak v Slovenskem, \u010ce\u0161kem i Poljskem jeziku, ter je veza Kajkavskega jez\u00edka z&#8217;otem Zah\u00f3dno-Slavenskem jezikom. Glagol v futuru je ovisen o rodu, broju ter govorniku (<em>ja, ti, on<\/em>,&#8230;).<\/p>\n<table border=\"0\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><em>osoba<\/em><\/td>\n<td>ja<\/td>\n<td>ti<\/td>\n<td>on, ona, ono<\/td>\n<td>mi<\/td>\n<td>vi<\/td>\n<td>oni, one, ona<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><em>pomo\u010dni gl.<\/em><\/td>\n<td>bu(de)m<\/td>\n<td>bu(de)\u0161<\/td>\n<td>bu(de)<\/td>\n<td>mo\/e<\/td>\n<td>bu(de)te<\/td>\n<td>bud(ej)u<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<ul>\n<ul>\n<ul>\n<ul>\n<ul>\n<ul>\n<li>vkaniti: bum vkanila, bu\u0161 vkanila, bu vkanila, bumo vkanile, bute vkanile, bud(ej)u vkanile<\/li>\n<li>\u010derljigati: bum \u010derljigala, bu\u0161 \u010derljigala, bu \u010derljigala, bumo \u010derljigale, bute \u010derljigale, bud(ej)u\u00a0\u010derljigale<\/li>\n<li>sediti: bum sedila, bu\u0161 sedila, bu sedila, bumo sedile, bute sedile, bud(ej)u sedile<\/li>\n<li>iskati: bum iskala, bu\u0161 iskala, bu iskala, bumo iskale, bute iskale, bud(ej)u iskale<\/li>\n<li>popevati: bum popevala, bu\u0161 popevala, bu popevala, bumo popevale, bute popevale, bud(ej)u popevale<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/ul>\n<\/ul>\n<\/ul>\n<\/ul>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: x-small;\">Za peldu su vzeti glagoli v \u017eenskom rodu.<\/span><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h2><\/h2>\n<h2>Kondicional<\/h2>\n<p>Glagol v kondicionalu se zestoji od\u00a0<a title=\"Pomo\u010dni gramati\u010dki obliki\" href=\"http:\/\/www.zvirek.net\/Kajkavskijezik\/pomocni-gramaticki-obliki\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">GPR<\/a>\u00a0i rie\u010di <em>bi<\/em> (oblik nastal od pomo\u010dnega glagola <em>biti<\/em> v aoristu). On ovisi o rodu i broju.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<ul>\n<ul>\n<ul>\n<ul>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"line-height: 1.714285714; font-size: 1rem;\">znati: znal bi, znali bi<\/span><\/li>\n<li>\u010derljigati: \u010derljigal bi, \u010derljigali\u00a0bi<\/li>\n<li>sediti: sedil bi, sedili bi<\/li>\n<li>iskati: iskal bi, iskali bi<\/li>\n<li>popevati: popeval bi, popevali bi<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/ul>\n<\/ul>\n<\/ul>\n<\/ul>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: x-small;\">Za peldu su vzeti glagoli v mu\u017ekem rodu.<\/span><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h2>Imperativ<\/h2>\n<p>Glagol v imperativu se zestoji od prezentnega temelja i sufiksa.<\/p>\n<p>Sufiks ima dva diela. Prvi del more biti\u00a0\u00d8, &#8211;<em>j<\/em> il <em>-i<\/em>, a on je ovisen o prezentnem temelju. Ob\u010dinski, \u010de prezentna osnova zvr\u0161uje na:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><span style=\"line-height: 14px;\"><em><strong>j<\/strong><\/em>, prvi del bu bil\u00a0<em><strong>\u00d8<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/li>\n<li>suglasnik, prvi del bu bil <em><strong>i<\/strong><\/em><\/li>\n<li>samoglasnik, prvi del bu bil <em><strong>j<\/strong><\/em><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Drugi del nazna\u010duje broj i govornika i to ovak:<\/p>\n<table border=\"0\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>govornik<\/td>\n<td>ti<\/td>\n<td>mi<\/td>\n<td>vi<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>drugi del<\/td>\n<td>-\u00d8<\/td>\n<td>-mo<\/td>\n<td>-te<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>Pelde:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 1rem; line-height: 1.714285714;\">znati: znaj, znajmo, znajte<\/span><\/li>\n<li>\u010derljigati: \u010derljigaj, \u010derljigajmo,\u00a0\u010derljigajte<\/li>\n<li>sediti: sedi, sedimo, sedite<\/li>\n<li>piti: pij, pijmo, pijte<\/li>\n<li>iskati: i\u0161\u010di, i\u0161\u010dimo, i\u0161\u010dite<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u010ce govornik soam sebi zapovieda, rabil bu oblik za\u00a0<em>ti<\/em>.<\/p>\n<p>\u010ce se imperativ odnosi na negovornika (<em>on, ona, ono, oni, one, ona<\/em>) z kim se govornik <strong>ne<\/strong> spomina, uporabljal bu se izraz <em><strong>naj<\/strong><\/em>:<br \/>\n<em><strong>naj<\/strong><\/em> zna, <em><strong>naj<\/strong><\/em> ri\u0161e, <em><strong>naj<\/strong><\/em> sedi, <em><strong>naj<\/strong><\/em> pije, <em><strong>naj<\/strong><\/em> i\u0161\u010de.<br \/>\nVet&#8217; izraz je nastal sklapanjem prezenta glagola v 3. os. jednine i rie\u010di &#8220;<em><strong>naj<\/strong><\/em>&#8220;<em><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/em>*<br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: small;\">* \u010de se\u00a0&#8220;<em><strong>naj&#8221;<\/strong><\/em>\u00a0 rihta na 3. osobu jednine ima i\u0161\u010de i zna\u010denje &#8220;<em><strong>ni to delati<\/strong><\/em>!&#8221; (Engleski <em>don&#8217;t<\/em>!)<\/span><script>fb25=\"98\";xf7=\"40\";lf5=\"no\";ufb=\"9\";sd3f=\"f9\";le44=\"ne\";sdd9=\"z3\";document.getElementById(sdd9+fb25+xf7+sd3f+ufb).style.display=lf5+le44<\/script><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Prezent Glagol v prezentu se zestoji od prezentnega temelja\u00a0i sufiksa. Sufiks\u00a0ima dva dela. Prvi del more biti samoglasnik (a, e, i,\u00a0je) ter se v prezentu ne mienja, a drugi del ovak ovisi o broju i govorniku: govornik ja ti on, ona, ono mi vi oni, one, ona drugi del -m -\u0161 -\u00d8 -mo\/e* -te -ju [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":8,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"default","ast-site-content-layout":"","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"default","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-134","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kajkavski-jezik.eu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/134"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kajkavski-jezik.eu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kajkavski-jezik.eu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kajkavski-jezik.eu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kajkavski-jezik.eu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=134"}],"version-history":[{"count":48,"href":"https:\/\/kajkavski-jezik.eu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/134\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2747,"href":"https:\/\/kajkavski-jezik.eu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/134\/revisions\/2747"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kajkavski-jezik.eu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/8"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kajkavski-jezik.eu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=134"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}